Types
The symptoms of a mouth ulcer may vary depending on the type of ulcer.
Standard ulcers appear on the inner cheeks and last for about 1 week. Most are harmless and clear up with no medical intervention.
There are three main types of mouth ulcers. These include:
Herpetiform ulceration (HU)
Herpetiform ulcers are a subtype of aphthous ulcers and get their name because they resemble the sores associated with herpes. Unlike herpes, HU is not contagious. HU ulcers recur very quickly, and it may appear that the condition never gets better.
Minor ulcers
This type can range in size from about 2 millimeters (mm) up to 8 mm across. These ulcers typically take up to 2 weeks to get better and will cause minor pain.
Major ulcers
Bigger than minor ulcers, major ulcers are often irregular in shape, may be raised, and penetrate deeper into the tissue than minor ulcers. They can take several weeks to go away and are likely to leave scar tissue when they clear.
Symptoms
Ulcers can be painful, and the pain can be made worse by food, drink, and poor oral hygiene.
HU lesions may:
appear as extremely painful ulcers in the mouthrecur very quickly, so infections seem continuousincrease in size, eventually coming together to form a large, ragged ulcertake 10 or more days to healappear anywhere in the mouth
They tend to be found in more females than males and are more common in older adults.
Symptoms of minor and major ulcers include:
one or more painful sores that may appear on the cheeks, the roof of the mouth, or the tonguethe appearance of round lesions that have red edges and are yellow, white, or gray in the middle
During more extreme outbreaks of mouth ulcers, some people may experience fever, sluggishness, and swollen glands.
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